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Before April 24, 2020, savings accounts were not part of M1. Limitations in the number of transfers from savings deposits made savings accounts less liquid than M1. M1 consisted of currency, demand deposits, and other highly liquid accounts called “other checkable deposits” (OCDs). An example of OCDs are the demand deposits at thrifts. But the limitation on the number of these transfers was lifted on April 24 as an amendment to Regulation D, which specifies how banks must classify deposit accounts. Savings deposits are now just as liquid and convenient as currency, demand deposits, and OCDs. To reflect this fact, savings deposits are now included in M1 (other liquid deposits). 在 2020 年 4 月 24 日以前,儲蓄帳戶不屬於 M1。由於儲蓄存款的轉帳次數有限制,使得儲蓄帳戶的流動性低於 M1。M1 由通貨(流通中的現金)、活期存款,以及稱為「其他可開立支票存款」(other checkable deposits,OCDs)的高度流動帳戶所構成。OCDs 的一個例子是儲貸機構(thrifts)的活期存款。 但在 4 月 24 日,作為對(Regulation D)的修訂,這些轉帳次數限制被取消。該規章規定銀行必須如何分類存款帳戶。現在,儲蓄存款與通貨、活期存款與 OCDs 一樣同樣具有流動性與便利性。為反映此一事實,儲蓄存款現已被納入 M1(「其他流動性存款」) 補充說明:此處的 Savings Account(儲蓄帳戶) 並不等同於臺灣所稱的「定存」。美國的儲蓄帳戶通常採變動利率,利率往往高於臺灣的一般「活期(儲蓄存款)」但同時限制也較多;雖然聯準會已於 2020/4/24 取消《Regulation D》每月 6 次轉帳上限,銀行仍可能以條款或手續費管理轉提頻率。相較之下,臺灣的「定存」更接近美國的 CD(Certificate of Deposit):兩者皆有固定存期與提前解約的違約/減息成本,利率通常高於活期或儲蓄帳戶,但流動性較低。換言之,美式 Savings ≈「活儲+較高利率+一定限制」,而臺灣定存 ≈ 美國 CD(固定期限、提早支取有成本)。
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